Drug Database

Amoxicillin is a penicillin-type antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. While it doesn't intercalate membranes, it must cross them to reach its target.

Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Its ability to penetrate bacterial membranes contributes to its broad-spectrum activity.

Doxycycline is a tetracycline antibiotic that inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Its lipophilic nature allows excellent membrane penetration and oral bioavailability.

Metformin is an oral antidiabetic drug. While it doesn't intercalate membranes, it requires organic cation transporters to cross cell membranes to exert its effects on glucose metabolism.

Chloroquine is an antimalarial and antirheumatic drug. Its membrane intercalation properties contribute to its ability to accumulate in lysosomes and affect intracellular pH.

Itraconazole is a triazole antifungal that works by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis in fungal cell membranes, affecting membrane integrity and permeability.

Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension and arrhythmias. Its lipophilic nature allows membrane penetration to reach voltage-gated calcium channels.

Propranolol is a non-selective beta-blocker used to treat hypertension, anxiety, and other conditions. Its lipophilic properties enable CNS penetration and membrane interactions.

Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that reduces stomach acid production. It requires membrane penetration and accumulation in acidic compartments to reach its target enzyme.

Atorvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol. Its ability to penetrate cell membranes is essential for reaching its target enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Sertraline is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant. Its lipophilic properties enable crossing of the blood-brain barrier and membrane integration at synaptic sites.

Fluoxetine (Prozac) is an SSRI antidepressant that selectively inhibits serotonin reuptake. Its membrane-active properties are crucial for CNS penetration and transporter binding.

Amlodipine is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension. It works by binding to calcium channels embedded in vascular smooth muscle cell membranes.

Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension and heart failure. While not strongly membrane-intercalating, it requires membrane transport to reach intracellular ACE enzymes.

Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 adrenergic receptor blocker used to treat hypertension and angina. Its membrane interaction is essential for receptor binding.

Escitalopram is the S-enantiomer of citalopram, an SSRI antidepressant. Its membrane-active properties allow effective penetration into CNS tissue and transporter interaction.

Warfarin is an anticoagulant that inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. Its membrane penetration is crucial for reaching intracellular vitamin K recycling enzymes.

Simvastatin is a statin used to lower cholesterol levels. As a prodrug, it requires membrane transport and intracellular activation to inhibit cholesterol synthesis.