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Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus

Gram Positivecocci

Description

S. aureus is a gram-positive, round bacterium that is a common member of skin flora. It can cause a range of illnesses from minor skin infections to life-threatening diseases such as pneumonia and sepsis. MRSA strains are resistant to many antibiotics.

Membrane Composition

Key Properties

Peptidoglycan:20-80 nm (thick)
Lipopolysaccharide:Absent
Teichoic Acid:Present
Outer Membrane:Absent

Membrane Components

  • Cytoplasmic membrane
  • Thick peptidoglycan layer (30-100 layers)
  • Teichoic acids
  • Lipoteichoic acids

Understanding Gram Classification

Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet stain due to their thick peptidoglycan layer (20-80 nm). This thick layer traps the dye-iodine complex during the gram staining process.

The cell wall structure consists of a cytoplasmic membrane surrounded by a thick peptidoglycan layer containing teichoic acids. There is no outer membrane, making the cell wall more permeable to certain antibiotics like penicillin.